PLC Splitter

PLC Splitter

Brief introduction

PLC Splitter is a kind of waveguide optical power distribution device integration based on a quartz substrate plate, like coaxial cable transmission system, network system also needs to be light signal coupling, branches, distribution and the optical divider is needed for implementation. It is one of the most important fiber link passive components, fiber optic tandem device having a plurality of inputs and a plurality of output terminals, especially for passive optical network ( EPON, GPON, BPON, etc. ) to connect the central office and terminal equipment and allow branching optical signals.

Advantage

(1) Loss is not sensitive to transmit light wavelength, can meet the needs of the different wavelength of transmission.

(2)Uniform light, signal can be evenly distributed to the user.

(3)Compact, small size, can be installed directly in the various existing junction box, without specially designed to stay out of a lot of  installation space. 

(4)Single device bypass passage lot, it can reach 32 or more. 

(5)Multi-channel of low cost, the more points the large ones, more obvious cost advantage.

 

Shortcoming

(1)Complex manufactory, high technical threshold, the current chip are monopolied by foreign companies, only a few of companies can produce large quantities of packaging in our country.

(2)The cost is higher relative to the melting cone type divider, especially at a disadvantage when in the aspect of low channel way more.

Component

Internal controlled by a PLC optical splitter chip and fiber array of coupling. Chips make grow in the quartz substrate using semiconductor process, a layer of light waveguide chip is an input terminal and N output waveguide. And then on both ends of the chip input and output optical fiber array, respectively.

External is made up of the ABS and square steel box, cable and fiber-optic connectors.

Technical Specifications

Insertion loss

The insertion loss of the optical splitter means each output relative to the input loss on the number of dB, the mathematical expression is: Ai = -10lg Pouti / Pin, where Ai is the insertion loss means the i-th output port; Pouti is the i-th output port optical power; Pin is the optical power value input. 

Additional loss

Additional loss is defined as the sum of all output ports with the input optical power loss DB number. It is worth mentioning that, for fiber optic couplers, additional losses are reflected in the device manufacturing process quality indicators, reflects the inherent loss of the device production process, the loss is as small as possible, is to produce the quality of the merits of the assessment indicators. The insertion loss is only that the output power of each output port, not only has the inherent loss of factors, but considering the effect of splitting ratio. Between the different fiber coupler, the insertion loss of the device making the difference and don't reflect the quality of the pros and cons.

Divider ratio

Divider ratio is defined as the light output ratio of each output port in the system application, optical node ratio is based on the need of actual system of optical power, determines appropriate ratio ( except the average allocation ), optical divider ratio is related to the wavelength of light transmission. For example, a branch of light transports in 1.31 micron, the divider ratio of two output is 50:50 ; In 1.5 μm light transmission, when it becomes 70:30 ( the reason of this circumstance is that the optical divider has the certain bandwidth, which is transmitted when the radio unchanged ). Therefore, we must indicate the wavelength when the optical splitter is made.

PLC splitter is based on planar lightwave circuit technology, therefore, fiebercasa could offer PLC splitter with multiple package type like Bare fiber type PLC Splitter, Blockless type ( Micro Module type ) PLC Splitter, Cassette type ( ABS box type ) PLC Splitter, Insert type PLC Splitter, Tray type PLC Splitter, and Rack mount type PLC Splitter, the fiber interface support SC, FC, LC or customized with other types of connectors. The connector polishing type support UPC and APC ( with 8 degree angle ) .

FiberCasa provides PLC Splitter with multiple channels of 1×N and 2×N, including 1×2, 1×4, 1×8, 1×16, 1×32, 1×64, and 2×2, 2×4, 2×8, 2×16, 2×32, 2×64. The splitter with lower insertion loss, high stability and reliability, good, uniformity, the PLC Splitter could meet different requirement for the FTTx OSP network.

Note: Provide SC,FC,LC,ST connectors for choice ;APC or UPC polishing type as customer request.

 

Note 1: All measurement at room temperature and excluding connector loss . 
Note 2: For devices with connectors, insertion loss will be 0.3 dB higher, return loss > 50 dB ( UPC ), >55 dB ( APC ).

 

Note 1: All measurement at room temperature and excluding connector loss . 
Note 2: For devices with connectors, insertion loss will be 0.3 dB higher, return loss > 50 dB ( UPC ), >55 dB ( APC ).

View: www.fibercasa.com or www.fiber-optic-fusion-splicer.com 

For more information

FHO5000 Series OTDR

Grandway FHO5000 Series OTDR

Convenient multi-function fiber optic tester
Design for tough outdoor environment

FEATURES                                                      APPLICATIONS                                                
Integrated design, smart and rugged                         FTTX test with PON networks              IP65 protection level, outdoor enhanced                  CATV network testing                            7-inch anti-reflection LCD screen                             Access network testing                          PON online test module (1625nm) is optional         LAN network testing                                MMF test module (850/1300nm) is optional            Metro network testing                            Support multi-language display and input                Lab and Factory testing                                                                                                             Live fiber troubleshooting                 
Ready for all kinds of environment                                      

FHO5000 series OTDR is specially designed for tough outdoor jobs. IP65 protection level, lightweight, easy operation, low-reflection LCD and more than 12 hours working period make it be perfect in filed testing. Meanwhile, optional PCB board with water-proof coating helps FHO5000 series OTDR get better protection performance.

What you need is all-in -one !                                                

FHO5000 series OTDR is a highly integrated platform that features with four module slots, with a large 7-inch color screen ( with a touchscreen option ), a high-capacity Lithium-lon battery, an optional serial bus [USB] port, and built-in optical test functions, such as PON test module, visual fault locator ( VFL ), optional power meter, and laser source, making it qualified in the installation, turn-up, and maintenance of FTTx/Access optical networks.

Main functions                                                                        

Multi-mode OTDR

Besides standard single-mode (1310/1550nm), FHO5000 series OTDR supports multi-mode (850/1300nm) test mode for option to analyze the multi-mode fiber network.

PM (power meter)

FHO5000 series OTDR comes with optional built-in power meters that let technicians easily verify the presence of a signal.

VFL (visual fault locator)

The VFL, available as an standard module in FHO5000 series OTDR, offers built-in 650nm visual fault location on a FC/UPC connector.

LS (laser source)

FHO5000 series OTDR comes with optional built-in laser source through OTDR1 Port that let technicians easily verify the total loss of the local network with a power meter. 

PON ONLINE TEST

FHO5000 series OTDR uses 1625nm wavelength to scan ans analyze the access point, and proceed online testing with optical filter and will not disturb the service. 

FM (fiber microscope)

The optional fiber inspection probe facilitates the inspect before the connection. FHO5000 series OTDR offers this capability through a USB port connection, which allows quick and easy inspection of connector end faces for contamination and also enables it capture and store the image.

Humanized Test Interface                                                      

FHO5000 series OTDR could display Splice loss, Connector loss, Fiber atttenuation, Reflection of points, Link optical return loss and distance to fiber events etc. With test information in a smart way, user could get detailed information immediately.

Quick fit in short time

Simplified display style and structured menus help effective in reducing the time of study.

FTTH test within PON networks                                   FHO5000 series OTDR's models, like T40F, are dedicated to the testing of PON network maintenance and troubleshooting without service disruption. 

Last mile master

FHO5000 series OTDR could easily test through 1*32 PLC splitter in PON test (Model: FHO5000-T43F).

Fiber Microscope                                                                    

Microscope is optional for FHO5000 series OTDR. 400X amplification and variety of accessories ensure perfect terminal condition before test.

The essential first step

Taking time to properly inspect connector end faces can prevent a slew of problems down the line, saving you time, money and headaches.

Result transfer                                                                                                                           

Check test result on PC or PDA through USB; 4GB large internal memory space could store more than 40000 groups of result.

Link in line

• Download reference traces and settings from database
• Send measurement result via e-mail
• Ask for remote help

Data Manager                                                                          

Use Data manager to elaborate and print out result files on upper computer within a few steps.

High Compatibility

1. Support

•  Windows Vista (32/64 bit system)
•  Windows 7 (32/64 bit system)
•  Windows 8 (32/64 bit system)
•  Microsoft Office Excel 2007
•  Microsoft Office Excel 2010
•  Microsoft Office Excel 2013

2. Delicate Report

 Simplified display style easy to read, support multi-result printing.

Notes

1. Typical, backlight off, sweeping halted at 25℃，12 hours typical continuous testing.
2. Model T40F/T43F are integrated with optical filter, which allow them to test PON network online ( by using 1625nm wavelength ) and will not interrupt the fiber signal.
3. Dynamic range is measured with maximum pulse width, averaging time is 3 minutes, SNR=1; The level difference between the RMS noise level and the level where near end back-scattering occurs.
4. Event dead zone is measured with pulse width of 3ns; attenuation dead zone is measured with pulse width of 5ns.
5. 1310/1550nm laser source uses OTDR1 port, and 1625nm or 850/1300nm uses OTDR2 port.
6. For more adapters please contact us.

 
View: www.fibercasa.com  or  www.fiber-optic-otdr.com 
for more information

Introduction of Optical Amplifier

Introduction of Optical Amplifier

With the rapid development of the optic communication networks, longer transmission lengths are required. Optical amplifier can satisfy the requirements of optical communication networks. An optical amplifier is a device that amplifies an optical signal directly, without the need to first convert it to an electrical signal. An optical amplifier may be considered as a laser without an optical cavity, or one in which feedback from the cavity is suppressed. This post is going to help you get a better understanding of optical amplifier.

Working Principles of Optical Amplifier

A basic optical communication link contains a transmitter and receiver, with an optical fiber cable connecting them. Although signals transmitting in optical fiber suffer far less attenuation than in other mediums, such as copper, there is still a limitation about 100 km on the distance the signals can travel before becoming too noisy to be detected.

Optical amplifiers are widely used in fiber optic data links. Figure 1 shows three ways in which optical amplifiers can be used to strengthen the performance of optical data links. A booster amplifier is used to increase the optical output of an optical transmitter just before the signal enters an optical fiber. The optical signal is attenuated as it travels in the optical fiber. An inline amplifier is utilized to restore (regenerate) the optical signal to its original power level. An optical pre-amplifier is operated at the end of the optical fiber link in order to increase the sensitivity of an optical receiver.

Figure 1. Optical amplifiers  in fiber optic communication links

Features of Optical Amplifier

• Ratio of output power to input power
• Gain as a fuction of input power
• Range of wavelengths over which the amplifier is effective
• Maxmum output power, beyond which no amplification is reached
• undesired signal due to physical processing in amplifier

Optical fiber, made by a special process, in the fiber core layer deposition,incorporated with minimal concentration of rare earth elements, such as erbium, praseodymium or rubidium plasma, can produce corresponding erbium-doped, mixed with praseodymium or rubidium optical fiber. Fiber doping ions after motivated by the pump in the transition to the stability of the high excited state, under the induction signal light, stimulated radiation is produced, form a coherent amplification of the signal light.This OFA is essentially a special laser, its working cavity is a rare earth doped fiber particles, pump generally adopts the semiconductor laser light source.

The current optical fiber communication system operates in two low loss window: 1.55 mu m band and 1.31 mu m band. Select a different doping elements, can make the amplifier working in different window.

Erbium-doped Optical Fiber Amplifier (EDFA)

The erbium doped fiber amplifier is composed of an erbium doped fiber and a pumped light source, as shown in Figure 2. Erbium-doped fiber is the incorporation of the appropriate concentration of erbium ions in the silica fiber in the core ( Er3+), the role of the pump source is provided to the erbium ion energy, it would be from a low energy level, "pumped" to a higher energy level, it has optical gain function. When there is no pump function and the energy state of the Er3 + ions known as the ground state; after the pump energy absorption,Er3+ will be in a higher energy state, namely the transition from the ground state to an excited state. Since the lifetime of the high energy state is very short, the excited state of the Er3+ is rapidly over to the excited state, and the lifetime of the excited state is much longer, which is called the metastable state. When the Er3+ return from the transition of metastable excited state to ground state, the extra energy into fluorescence radiation, the wavelength of light radiation is determined by the metastable and energy level difference of base stations. In the 1550nm band, under the constant action of the pumping source, the metastable excited state of Er3+ is accumulated, and the number of the ions can exceed the number of ions in the ground state. When the number of particles in the high-energy state exceeds the number of particles, the inversion state of the particle number is reached.Only in this state can there be light amplification.Such as the photon energy of incident light signal is equal to the energy difference between the ground state and metastable, namely the light wavelength and the wavelength of the radiation of light are the same, it will also cause by the absorption of ground state and metastable leaps and metastable - the launch of the ground state transition, transition to absorb light energy absorption, launch transition energy, the size of the absorption and emission light energy from the ground state and metastable is proportional to the particle density.Because of the inversion of the number of particles, the total effect is that the emission of the light exceeds the absorbed light, which makes the incident light enhanced and the optical amplification is obtained.

Usage Tips

Troubleshooting

Fiber amplifier, the panel displays and the actual output is synchronized, if panel display is normal, then optical amplifier output is normal, if the amplifier power down or not when testing in this case,there are several possibilities:

1. PM not allowed, domestic power meter can only test the equipment of smaller output , can not test EDFA of higher output, the power meter of testing optical amplifier must be imported, can't use the inaccurate instrument as the standard.
2. The output port of flange is damaged, the possibility is small.
3. Improper use, plug when machine is working, burn the output fiber tip of amplifier, cause the amplifier output power down, as this happens, just re-welded to the optical amplifier output connector.
4. The pigtail of users is of poor quality,the core is too long, abrade the output connector of amplifier after inserting pigtail, the phenomenon is that the first test is good, the second time power is declined after inserted into test again, the solution to this problem is as long as to re-welding optical amplifier output connector.
5. The wavelength of light source is wrong, if the wavelength of 1550 nm light transmitter has a deviation, can cause amplifier output power is not enough, also can cause small panel displays.
6. Smaller light power of input optical amplifier, if it's lower than the standard values may lead to smaller light power, and panel display will be smaller.

Notes

1. Do not point the fiber output to the human body, especially the eyes, so as to avoid damage.
2. Do not route connections in an energized state, so as to avoid improper operation of output pigtail end face burns.
3. As the output power of the product is large, please pay attention to the workshop temperature of the machine, keep good ventilation

View: www.fibercasa.com or www.fiber-optic-otdr.com 

for more information